Entering the Merapi area quickly felt the fresh air and beautiful nature.
This morning was the rain falling since dawn. But another story another first today, your history today struck by a frightening figure by the sight of large trucks loaded with sand and driven by reckless, became king of the road undefeated. Truck load of sand miners from Mount Merapi became active around dawn, morning these trucks lined up scrambling up the mountain, and approximately 07.00 already begun to fall in tandem with a full load of sand. This kind of activity until late at night.
Then what and why this is so aggressive sand mining?.
Sand mining in Boyong, Village Purwowinangun, Pakem and Opak, Hamlet Batur, Kepuharjo, Cangkringan, complained of residents for causing damage to roads in the conservation area. Who observed the narrow streets, where it intersects two vehicles just hard on the road Turgo, on Friday, accompanied by his entourage passed every day truck number 13s / d 18 trucks, while the duration of the inter-group with one another truck, 5s / d 10 minutes, if the calculated minimal transport (8 hours) a day = (8 hours: 10 minutes) X 13truk = 48X13 = 624 x truck transporting sand.
The number of trucks expected no less than 200truk milled sand carrier operating in an area located in the Mount Merapi (How noisy made this area). Mine is 2.2 hectares is estimated to contain more sand than 250,000 cubic meters.
Uncontrolled mining activities may result in environmental issues. Damage due to road traffic transport transportation of materials mined. Among these is the destruction of flood control dam lava of Mount Merapi, a process of landslides on either side of the river cliff Boyong.
Therefore, the necessary measures so that the environmental monitoring and management of environmental conditions at the present time does not develop into increasingly worse. Broadly speaking, the necessary efforts to address these issues in an integrated manner, covering aspects of regulations and legislation, management / professional natural resource management include the planning stages of the design of environmentally sound mining, mining process can seek the smallest possible environmental damage and environmental control and pollution caused by the exploitation of natural resources such minerals. Addition of socio-cultural aspects need to reduction / control the possibility of social conflicts caused by mining.
Now Merapi natural conditions in the region is changing rapidly. Some villages in Pakem and Cangkringan has now turned into a sand mining pits that every day filled with miners, beghoe and sand transport truck.
Residents living near the slopes of Mount Merapi protest rampant sand mining because it threatens the environment in which they live. During this protest has been filed to the Governor of Yogyakarta, but there is no response. Sand mining activities on the slopes of Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta until today still ongoing. Heavy equipment such as begho used to dredge sand from the slopes of Merapi. Kepuharjo citizens, and citizens Boyong, Sleman, Yogyakarta, which are surrounding the mining of sand opposed sand mining on the slopes of Merapi, which has been out of control. Residents consider the use of heavy equipment such as begho will have a negative impact on the surrounding environment. Additionally fro hundreds of trucks every day also destroyed roads and paths disaster evacuation. The slopes of Mount Merapi has been an area that is very important as a water catchment for the needs of the people of Yogyakarta and Klaten, Central Java.
Way sand mining is so tempting, so many people can not control let alone prevent it? Then the government, what role, why continue to give permission to mine ?.
Now when the environment is getting damaged and losses on the greater damage to the environment, to what the mining activities continue to be permitted without control? Communities and governments in the four districts which are included in the Merapi area, seharus prohibit destructive mining activities and expressly did some restrictions related to mining license restrictions, restrictions on the location of the mine and especially sand mining volume restrictions based on the carrying capacity of the eruption of Merapi.
Type Sand Is So make Ambition Seductive ?.
Sand at Mount Merapi volcanic sand many types of silica content.
What are the benefits of volcanic sand or silica sand is.
There are many functions that previously we did not know, if we consider trivial sand which is proved to have a million uses valuable.
In the industrial world, the use of sand is quite rapid, either directly as a principal raw material as well as supplementary material. As the main raw material, for example for the industry:
A. Industrial Glass and Glass
Most formulas are produced glass for commercial consists of quartz / silica soda and salt. Most of the raw materials of volcanic sand is silica glass-forming oxides in the manufacturing process of the glass formula is sometimes added other oxides to obtain properties of the desired products such as glass.
> AlO3 and B2O3 to add resistance to the chemical.
> Oxides chromium, cobalt, iron, or nickel as the dye.
> Oxides of sulfur to improve the smelting process in the manufacture of glass are melted.
A.1. Glass Sheets
In the field of building construction has been very widespread use of glass, especially glass sheets, wave glass, glass blocks for purposes of diffusion beam combination of fiber glass to adjust the theater sound system or other purposes which require properties of translucent or opaque.
A.2. Glass Indoflot
Indoflot glass is made by way of the development of the liquid above the glass liquid metal.
A.3. Patterned glass / Ice
Patterned glass is color glass made by floating process. Glass color is obtained by entering the dye into the liquid glass is being processed
Patterned glass can reduce the heat and glare of the incoming light, and has a very low power of invisibility that gives a sense of comfort for those who are in the room. This type of glass is very suitable for use in the tropics, especially for use:
Architectural interior and exterior of the home, office central offices and the like.
A.4. Glass packaging, packaging products used for food industry and pharmaceutical industry. For food and beverage packaging can be used bottles colored and colorless.
For the packaging of medicines needed bottles are resistant to chemicals are the type of bottle sulfation and pipe types of boro silicate for ampoules and vials.
Household appliance glass purposes
Household appliance glass purposes Dapa t form plates, bowls, and cups including glass jewelry, crystal glasses and other glassware.
A.5. The use of glasses for Science and engineering directly stimulate the application of advanced technologies in the glass industry.
Automobile industry, aircraft, boat motors use a lot of high-tech glass such as laminated glass, toughened glass, glass electric barbed curved safety glass, insulation, glass fiber which is used as plastic
In the field of electrical, glass is used for lighting, power transmission and electronic communications. Products of this glass is electrically conductive, electrical insulating glass cathode ray tube glass glass resistor penaha ultrasonic beam radar cathode ray tubes, television kmputer laboratory glassware and others.
B. Cement industry
In the cement industry, volcanic silica sand is used as supplementary material for the manufacture of cement.
C. Industrial processing and refractory bricks.
Quartz sand / volcanic used in the foundry industry serves as a molding sand (faundry), while it is in the industry fireproof silica sand is the main raw material.
D. Silica Sand for Ceramic Industry:
D.1. Conventional ceramic.
In general, this type uses natural materials consisting of the above amorphous phase with or without processing, there are two classes of industries including conventional ceramics, namely:
> Industrial heavy ceramic consisting of cement, mortar refractory, abrasive, and specific industry.
> Fine ceramics industry ie atu decorative ceramic pottery, tile floors and walls sanitary, food and beverage equipment, electrical insulating ceramic kitchenware incandescent light engineering and glass bottles.
Modern Ceramic D.2.
Advanced ceramics industry in Indonesia has been no material used is a raw material which got an artificially pure crystalline phase of advanced ceramic products marketed in the world, among others:
> Zirconia and Siaon for the automotive industry (engine blocks, gear) blade and scissors.
> Barium titanate for the electronics industry (as a capacitor or resistor).
> Ceramic non oxide is used for high-tech machine tool Klin furniture components extraction and processing of metals.
> Fiber optics in industrial telekomonikasi, lighting skyscrapers and solar power.
Used also used in other industries.
Some uses of silica sand in other industries are as follows:
> Filler in paint industry.
> Materials hardener in the rubber industry.
> Materials sandpaper.
> Materials rust remover in the metal industry.
> Material filter in the water purification industry.
> Raw materials manufacture of ferro silicon carbides.
E. Silica Sand for sand blasting. what was sand blasting? sand blasting is a technique of cleaning the crust / rust in the engine / metal with high pressure spray silica sand. there are some industries that routinely require silica sand.
Such as: industrial metal, used also for the formation of texture in an aluminum mold plastic mold as well.
F. silica sand for concrete / construction. Machine elements, Die Casting conventional, automotive industry.
G. silica sand for metal roof materials / metals in order to muffle the sound of rain.
H. silica sand as the water filter.
I. Silica Sand is a common additive in food production, where it is used primarily as a flow agent in powdered foods, or to absorb water.
J. silica thin film grown on a silicon wafer by thermal oxidation method bias is very useful in microelectronics, where they act as an electrical insulator with high chemical stability. In electrical applications, can protect the silicon, and even act as a controlled path for current membatasialiran.
K. Silica is also used in the extraction of DNA and RNA for its ability to bind to nucleic acids under the presence of chaotropes. As a hydrophobic silica is used as a defoamer component. In hydrated form, used in toothpaste as an abrasive hard to remove dental plaque.
L. In its capacity as a refractory material, it is useful in the form of fibers as the high-temperature thermal protection fabric.
M. In cosmetics, it is useful to spread and absorptive properties of natural light.
O. In pharmaceutical products, silica powder flow aids when the tablet is formed. Finally, it is used as a thermal enhancement compound in industripanas ground source pump.
Wui! H, there are many benefits to the industry and the needs of mankind. Then how benefits for local people ?.
Utilizing these resources, we also have to be able to preserve and not destroy the environment. So that the utilization of Natural Resources gave "Welfare For Residents Around And Non Destructive." Environmental damage caused by sand mining include changes in natural conditions, roads dangerous for motorists, especially schoolchildren and dangerous for pedestrians. Also the occurrence of damage to public buildings from the road to the bridge that must sustain the burden of daily tonnage. For nature also occur loss of soil fertility, landslides and changes in hydrology.
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